Self Signed Certficates¶
How to self signed certificate on Debian 12
Server Configuration¶
Create your server’s self signed SSL Certificate. If you use your server as a business, it had better buy and use Formal Certificate.
Create self signed SSL Certificate¶
root@dlp:~#cd
/etc/ssl/private
root@dlp:/etc/ssl/private# openssl genrsa -aes128 -out server.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus (2 primes)
...........................+++++
............+++++
e is 65537 (0x010001)
Enter pass phrase for server.key: # set passphrase
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for server.key: # confirm
# remove passphrase from private key
root@dlp:/etc/ssl/private# openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key
Enter pass phrase for server.key:
# input passphrase
writing RSA key
root@dlp:/etc/ssl/private# openssl req -new -days 3650 -key server.key -out server.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:JP # country code
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Hiroshima # state
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Hiroshima # city
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:GTS # company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Server World # department
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:dlp.srv.world # server's FQDN
Email Address []:root@srv.world # admin email address
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
root@dlp:/etc/ssl/private# openssl x509 -in server.csr -out server.crt -req -signkey server.key -days 3650
Signature ok
subject=C = JP, ST = Hiroshima, L = Hiroshima, O = GTS, OU = Server World, CN = dlp.srv.world, emailAddress = root@srv.world
Getting Private key
root@dlp:/etc/ssl/private#
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1334 Aug 19 19:31 server.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1062 Aug 19 19:30 server.csr
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Aug 19 19:30 server.key
PEM Certificate¶
Use the following command to convert a base64-encoded .cer file to a .pem format file: Syntax: openssl x509 -in <path-to-cer-file> -outform pem -out <path-to-pem-file>
Example: openssl x509 -in C:CertificatesAnyCert.cer -outform pem -out C:CertificatesAnyCertInPem.pem
sources:
Read the SSL Certificate information from a remote server¶
You may want to monitor the validity of an SSL certificate from a remote server, without having the certificate.crt text file locally on your server? You can use the same openssl for that.
To connect to a remote host and retrieve the public key of the SSL certificate, use the following command.
$ openssl s_client -showcerts -connect ma.ttias.be:443
This will connect to the host ma.ttias.be on port 443 and show the certificate.
openssl s_client -servername <NAME> -connect <HOST:PORT> 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -noout -dates
openssl s_client -connect baizabal.xyz:443 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -noout -dates
Models¶
Diagram of the
erDiagram
CUSTOMER ||--o{ ORDER : places
ORDER ||--|{ LINE-ITEM : contains
CUSTOMER }|..|{ DELIVERY-ADDRESS : uses